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1.
Braz. j. biol ; 80(3): 669-672, July-Sept. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132405

ABSTRACT

Abstract Lymeon Förster, 1869 is a very large genus of the Cryptinae (Ichneumonidae) with predominantly Neotropical distribution where females attack small cocoons of various groups of insects and spider eggs-sac. In the present study, we report the first record the interaction between the parasitoid wasp Lymeon sp. (Ichneumonidae), with eggs-sac of spider Araneus vincibilis (Araneidae) in Northeastern Brazil. We observed that although the female of A. vincibilis cares for the eggs that were attacked by Lymeon sp, the wasp larva consumed about 80% of spider eggs, indicating that both maternal care and the physical barrier offered by the eggs-sac may not provide absolute defense against predators.


Resumo Lymeon Förster, 1869 é um grande gênero de Cryptinae (Ichneumonidae) com distribuição predominantemente neotropical, onde fêmeas atacam pequenos casulos de vários grupos de insetos e ovissacos de aranha. No presente estudo, relatamos o primeiro registro da interação entre a vespa parasitoide Lymeon sp. (Ichneumonidae), com o ovissaco da aranha Araneus vincibilis (Araneidae) no Nordeste do Brasil. Observamos que, embora a fêmea de A. vincibilis cuide dos ovos que foram atacados por Lymeon sp, a larva da vespa consumiu cerca de 80% dos ovos da aranha, indicando que tanto o cuidado maternal quanto a barreira física oferecida pelo ovissaco não podem fornecer defesa absoluta contra predadores.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Spiders , Wasps , Brazil , Larva
2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(2): 391-400, mar.-abr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-910385

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo longitudinal foi avaliar a influência da vacinação materna na transferência de anticorpos (ACs) contra as viroses respiratórias em bezerros. Para tanto, vacas e bezerros foram distribuídos em dois grupos conforme a realização (VAC, n=6) ou não (NVAC, n=4) da vacinação no pré-parto. Amostras sanguíneas foram obtidas após a parição (D0); em seguida, apenas os bezerros foram acompanhados até D180. ACs séricos foram determinados pela vírus-neutralização (VN) contra BVDV, BoHV-1, BRSV e BPI3-V. Vacas VAC apresentaram diferenças para ACs contra BoHV-1 (P=0,01) em D0. As frequências (%) de bezerros soropositivos para BoHV-1 foram maiores em VAC do D2 ao D120; para BRSV em D4, D8, D10 e D150 (P≤0,08); medianas de ACs contra BoHV-1 em VAC do D2 ao D120 (P=0,08). A vacinação das vacas no pré-parto foi fundamental para a transferência e a duração de ACs contra BoHV-1 e BRSV, porém o protocolo adotado não foi eficiente para o aumento de ACs para BVDV e BPI3-V. A eficácia parcial da vacinação materna não inviabiliza a sua recomendação devido à importância do Herpesvírus e do BRSV na DRB, porém estratégias para a melhoria nas respostas imunes contra as demais viroses devem ser estabelecidas.(AU)


The aim of this longitudinal research was to evaluate the influence of maternal vaccination for the passive immune transfer of antibodies (Abs) against respiratory viruses in calves. Therefore, cows and calves sourced from two groups according to having received (VAC, n=6) or not (NVAC, n=4) of vaccination at pre-partum period. Blood samples of cows and calves harvested after parturition (D0), and then only calves followed until the age of 180 days. Abs performed by virus neutralization (VN) against BVDV, BoHV-1, BRSV and BPI3-V. VAC cows presented differences for Abs against BoHV-1 (P=0.01) in D0. Frequencies (%) of seropositive VAC calves for BoHV-1 were higher in D2 to D120; to BRSV D4, D8, D10 and D150 (P≤0.08); higher medians of Abs against BoHV-1 in VAC at D2 up to D120 (P=0.08). Partial efficacy of vaccination of cows does not impair its recommendation due to the importance of Herpesvirus and BRSV in BRD, but strategies for improvement in immune responses against other viruses should be established.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Cattle/abnormalities , Cattle/immunology , Vaccination/veterinary , Virus Diseases/immunology
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 69(6): 1367-1375, nov.-dez. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-909695

ABSTRACT

Esta pesquisa avaliou a dinâmica dos leucócitos e das subpopulações de linfócitos em vacas Holandesas soropositivas para o BLV no período de transição. Amostras de sangue (n=72) provenientes de 12 vacas foram coletadas entre as semanas -2 e +3 para a realização do leucograma, imunofenotipagem, dosagem de cortisol e haptoglobina (Hp). O perfil leucocitário foi caracterizado por leucocitose, neutrofilia, monocitose e eosinopenia próximo ao parto. Linfocitose e elevada proporção de linfócitos B CD21+ foram achados constantes entre as semanas -2 e +3; assim, as vacas foram testadas e confirmadas soropositivas para o BLV. Os valores das subpopulações de linfócitos T apresentaram-se baixos durante o período de transição, observando-se dois picos máximos que coincidiram com as elevações nas concentrações de cortisol no parto (2,11µg/dL) e semana +3 (1,97µg/dL). Hp apresentou aumento crescente de -2 (166µg/mL) a +3 (576µg/mL), provavelmente associada à elevada taxa de infecções uterinas observadas nas semanas +2 e +3. As vacas soropositivas para o BLV apresentaram leucograma de estresse próximo ao parto, exceto para linfócitos. A linfocitose e as elevadas proporções de células B CD21+, associadas com as baixas proporções de células T, podem ser indicativo de imunossupressão e predisposição aos processos inflamatórios no período pós-parto.(AU)


This research evaluated the dynamics of leukocytes and lymphocytes subsets in seropositive Holstein cows for BLV during the transition period. Blood samples (n=72) from 12 cows were harvested from week -2 up to week +3 to perform leukogram, immunophenotyping, cortisol and haptoglobin (Hp). Leukocytes pattern was characterized by leukocytosis, neutrophilia, monocytosis and eosinopenia around calving. Lymphocytosis and high proportions of B cells CD21+ were a constant finding between week -2 and +3, thus cows were tested and confirmed seropositive for BLV. The values of T lymphocytes subsets were low during the transition period, observing two peaks that coincided with high levels of cortisol at delivery (2.11µg/dL) and week +3 (1.97µg/dL). Hp had gradual increase from week -2 (166µg/mL) until week +3 (576g/mL) probably due to high rate of uterine infection detected between week +2 and +3. The seropositive cows for BLV presented stress leukogram around delivery, except for lymphocytes. Lymphocytosis and the high proportions of B cells, associated with the low proportions of T lymphocytes, can be indicative of immunosuppression and predisposition to the inflammatory process observed in the post-partum period.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Cattle , T-Lymphocytes , Immunosuppression Therapy/veterinary , Lymphocyte Count/veterinary , Peripartum Period/blood , Lymphocytosis/veterinary , Haptoglobins , Hydrocortisone , Enzootic Bovine Leukosis/blood
4.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1467328

ABSTRACT

Abstract Lymeon Förster, 1869 is a very large genus of the Cryptinae (Ichneumonidae) with predominantly Neotropical distribution where females attack small cocoons of various groups of insects and spider eggs-sac. In the present study, we report the first record the interaction between the parasitoid wasp Lymeon sp. (Ichneumonidae), with eggs-sac of spider Araneus vincibilis (Araneidae) in Northeastern Brazil. We observed that although the female of A. vincibilis cares for the eggs that were attacked by Lymeon sp, the wasp larva consumed about 80% of spider eggs, indicating that both maternal care and the physical barrier offered by the eggs-sac may not provide absolute defense against predators.


Resumo Lymeon Förster, 1869 é um grande gênero de Cryptinae (Ichneumonidae) com distribuição predominantemente neotropical, onde fêmeas atacam pequenos casulos de vários grupos de insetos e ovissacos de aranha. No presente estudo, relatamos o primeiro registro da interação entre a vespa parasitoide Lymeon sp. (Ichneumonidae), com o ovissaco da aranha Araneus vincibilis (Araneidae) no Nordeste do Brasil. Observamos que, embora a fêmea de A. vincibilis cuide dos ovos que foram atacados por Lymeon sp, a larva da vespa consumiu cerca de 80% dos ovos da aranha, indicando que tanto o cuidado maternal quanto a barreira física oferecida pelo ovissaco não podem fornecer defesa absoluta contra predadores.

5.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 68(3): 587-595, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: lil-785693

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, de forma longitudinal, o perfil sérico proteico de 13 vacas Holandesas durante o período de transição. Amostras de sangue (n=78) foram coletadas semanalmente, da segunda semana pré-parto (M-2) até a terceira semana pós-parto (M3), para determinação do perfil sérico proteico, por meio de teste bioquímico (proteínas séricas totais - PT) e eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida SDS-PAGE, para as outras proteínas analisadas. Os valores de PT diminuíram de forma gradativa (P=0,000) de M-2 (6,4g/dL) a M0 (6,2g/dL), aumentando nos momentos subsequentes (M3=7,3g/dL). As concentrações da IgG de cadeia pesada (M-2=919,4; M-1=1074,5mg/dL) e de cadeia leve (M-2=393,9; M-1=466,7mg/dL) foram menores no pré-parto em relação ao pós-parto (M1=1283,3; M2=1374,2 e M3=1630,3 mg/dL para IgG pesada e M1=463,4; M2=573,7; M3=651,8mg/dL para IgG leve). Para a IgA, houve diminuição nos valores (P=0,001), de M-2 (51,9mg/dL) a M1 (34,0mg/dL), e aumento em M2 (45,4g/dL) e M3 (62,6g/dL). Os valores de haptoglobina (Hp) e ceruloplasmina (Cp) aumentaram (P=0,000) de M-2 (Hp=16,6mg/dL; Cp=8,6mg/dL) a M3 (Hp=60,9mg/dL; Cp=127,1mg/dL). A albumina apresentou ligeiras variações durante o período de transição (P=0,000), enquanto a transferrina sérica (P=0,101) e a glicoproteína ácida (P=0,105) foram estáveis. O escore de condição corporal (ECC) também foi analisado durante o período de transição, verificando-se diferença (P=0,003) entre M-2 (ECC=4,0) e M1 (ECC=3,0). Foi relatada ainda a ocorrência de distocias (4/13), retenção de placenta (1/13) e hipocalcemia (1/13) no dia da parição (M0) e infecções uterinas (5/13) e cetose (1/13) ocorridas no pós-parto. Concluiu-se, portanto, que houve aumento nas concentrações séricas de Hp e Cp e diminuição nos valores de imunoglobulina e transferrina em vacas Holandesas no período de transição, relacionados às doenças ocorridas nesse período e ao elevado ECC, promovendo modificações metabólicas e imunossupressão.(AU)


The aim of this study was to evaluate longitudinally the serum protein profile of 13 Holstein cows during the transition period. Blood samples (n=78) were taken weekly, from the second week before parturition (M-2) to the third week after parturition (M3) for determination of serum protein profile by biochemical tests (total serum protein - PT) and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, for the other proteins analyzed. PT values decreased gradually (P = 0.000) from M-2 (6.4g/dL) to M0 (6.2g/dL), increasing in subsequent moments (M3 = 7.3g/dL). The concentrations of the heavy chain (M-2=919.4; M-1=1074.5mg/dL) and the light chain of IgG (M-2=393.9; M-1=466.7mg/dL) were lower in pre-calving compared to post calving (M1= 1,283.3; M2=1,374.2 and M3=1,630.3 mg/dL for the heavy chain, and M1=463.4; M2=573.7 and M3=651,8 mg/dL for the light chain of IgG). For IgA there was a decrease in the values (P=0.001), from M-2 (51.9mg/dL) to M1 (34.0mg/dL), and increase in M2 (45,4g/dL) and M3 (62,6g/dL). The values of haptoglobin (Hp) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) increased (P=0,000) from M-2 (Hp=16.6mg/dL; Cp=8.6 mg/dL) to M3 (Hp=60.9mg/dL; Cp=127.1mg/dl). Albumin showed slight variations during the transition period (P=0.000), while the serum transferrin (P=0.101) and acid glycoprotein (P=0.105) were stable. Body condition score (BCS) was also analyzed during the transition period, checking the difference (P=0.003) between M-2 (ECC= 4.0) and M1 (ECC=3.0). It was also reported the occurrence of dystocia (4/13), retained placenta (1/13) and hypocalcemia (1/13) on the day of calving (M0) and uterine infections (5/13) and ketosis (1/13) occurring in the post calving. In conclusion, there was an increase in serum Hp and Cp, and a decrease in the immunoglobulins and transferrin amounts in Holstein cows during the transition period, related to diseases occurring during this period and the high BCS, promoting metabolic changes and immunosuppression.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Immunosuppressive Agents/analysis , Peripartum Period/immunology , Peripartum Period/metabolism , Serum/microbiology , Activation, Metabolic , Bacterial Infections/veterinary , Biomarkers/analysis
6.
Rev. ciênc. farm. básica apl ; 29(1): 53-58, 2008. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-528571

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo teve por objetivo, verificar o perfilmedicamentoso bem como a frequência de associação entre Gingko biloba e ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS)em indivíduos atendidos pela Farmácia Escola da Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul (USCS). Verificou-se através dos resultados obtidos que 62,75% dos usuários são do sexo feminino, estão entre 60 e 70 anos de idade, com indicação do uso deste fitoterápico para circulação, fazendo uso há mais de três meses e administrando diariamente a dose de 80mg. Dos entrevistados, 13,73% fazem associação deste fitoterápico com AAS, desconhecendo os riscos das possíveis interações entre estes dois medicamentos, pois o uso concomitante de Ginkgo e AAS, por aumentara inibição da agregação plaquetária, pode ocasionar hemorragias.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aspirin/therapeutic use , Ginkgo biloba , Phytotherapy , Vascular Diseases , Drug Synergism
7.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 33(11): 1293-300, Nov. 2000. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-273210

ABSTRACT

This article describes the presence of two new forms of a thrombin-like enzyme, both with apparent molecular masses of 38 kDa, in Bothrops atrox venom. Both share the ability to cleave fibrinogen into fibrin and to digest casein. Both present identical Km on the substrate BApNA. Their N-terminal amino acid sequences are identical for 26 residues, sharing 80 percent homology with batroxobin and flavoxobin. Two groups of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised against the purified enzyme forms recognized different epitopes of the putative corresponding enzymes present in B. atrox crude venom. On Western blotting analysis of B. atrox crude venom, mAbs 5DB2C8, 5AA10 and 5CF11, but not mAbs 6CC5 and 6AD2-G5, revealed two or more protein bands ranging from 25 to 38 kDa. By immunoprecipitation assays, the 6AD2-G5 mAb was able to precipitate protein bands of 36-38 kDa from B. atrox, B. leucurus, B. pradoi, B. moojeni, B. jararaca and B. neuwiedii crude venoms. Fibrinogen-clotting activity was inhibited when the same venom specimens were pre-incubated with mAb 6AD2-G5, except for B. jararaca and B. neuwiedii


Subject(s)
Animals , Blood Coagulation/drug effects , Bothrops , Crotalid Venoms/enzymology , Fibrinogen/chemistry , Thrombin/isolation & purification , Amino Acid Sequence , Blotting, Western , Crotalid Venoms/pharmacology , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Precipitin Tests , Thrombin/chemistry
8.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 32(4): 469-72, Apr. 1999. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-231740

ABSTRACT

Theta rhythm in many brain structures characterizes wakefulness and desynchronized sleep in most subprimate mammalian brains. In close relation to behaviors, theta frequency and voltage undergo a fine modulation which may involve mobilization of dorsal raphe nucleus efferent pathways. In the present study we analyzed frequency modulation (through instantaneous frequency variation) of theta waves occurring in three cortical areas, in hippocampal CA1 and in the dorsal raphe nucleus of Wistar rats during normal wakefulness and after injection of the 5-HT1a receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT into the dorsal raphe. We demonstrated that in attentive states the variation of theta frequency among the above structures is highly congruent, whereas after 8-OH-DPAT injection, although regular signals are present, the variation is much more complex and shows no relation to behaviors. Such functional uncoupling after blockade demonstrates the influence of dorsal raphe nucleus efferent serotoninergic fibers on the organization of alertness, as evaluated by electro-oscillographic analysis.


Subject(s)
Hippocampus/physiology , Neocortex/physiology , Raphe Nuclei/physiology , Serotonin Receptor Agonists/pharmacology , Theta Rhythm , Wakefulness/physiology , Rats, Wistar
9.
Arq. biol. tecnol ; 32(3): 507-14, ago. 1989. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-74245

ABSTRACT

Copwpea (Vigna unguiculata) seed cotyledons contain acidic hemoglobinase activity that can be inhibited by the aspartic acid proteinase specific inhibitor pepstatin. Two of these proteinases were isolated by affinity and ion exchange chromatography. Their relative molecular weights were 69,000 and 45,000 as calculated by gel filtration chromatography


Subject(s)
Endopeptidases/metabolism , Seeds
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